Everything You Need To Know About Stomach Cancer

What is Stomach Cancer?

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, develops in the lining of the stomach. It is a relatively less common cancer but can be quite aggressive if not detected early. Understanding the risk factors and symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Risk Factors

Several factors can increase the risk of developing stomach cancer:

Age: Stomach cancer is more common in older adults, with the majority of cases diagnosed in individuals over 65.
Gender: Men are more likely to develop stomach cancer than women.
Helicobacter pylori Infection: This bacterial infection can cause chronic inflammation of the stomach lining and is a significant risk factor.
Diet: A diet high in salty, smoked, or pickled foods and low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk.
Family History: Having a family history of stomach cancer or certain inherited genetic conditions can elevate the risk.

Signs and Symptoms:

Stomach cancer often does not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages, making it challenging to detect. As the disease progresses, common signs and symptoms may include:

Persistent indigestion or heartburn
Feeling bloated after meals
Unexplained weight loss
Loss of appetite
Abdominal pain or discomfort, especially in the upper abdomen
Nausea and vomiting
Blood in the stool or black, tarry stools
Fatigue

If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if they are persistent or worsen over time, consult a healthcare professional for evaluation.

Diagnosis and Staging:

Diagnosing stomach cancer typically involves several tests, including endoscopy, biopsy, imaging studies, and blood tests. Staging determines the extent of cancer’s spread and helps guide treatment decisions.

Treatment Options:

The treatment approach for stomach cancer depends on several factors, including the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor, and the patient’s overall health. Common treatment options include:

Surgery: Surgery is often the primary treatment for stomach cancer. The extent of surgery may vary, from removing only the tumor to removing a portion or the entire stomach.
Chemotherapy: Medications are used to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. Chemotherapy can be administered before or after surgery.
Radiation Therapy: High-energy rays target and destroy cancer cells. It may be used in combination with other treatments.
Targeted Therapy: Medications target specific molecules involved in cancer growth. Targeted therapy is often used in advanced cases.
Immunotherapy: This approach enhances the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells.

Surgery: The affected testicle is surgically removed in a procedure called radical orchiectomy.
Chemotherapy: Depending on the type and stage of testicular cancer, chemotherapy may be recommended to destroy any remaining cancer cells.
Radiation Therapy: In some cases, radiation therapy may be used to target cancer cells.
Surveillance: For some early-stage testicular cancers, a strategy of close monitoring may be appropriate after surgery.

Stomach cancer